Add self-hosted Healthchecks stack for internal job monitoring (hybrid)

Self-hosted Healthchecks (ops/healthchecks/) as the hub for internal
cron/job heartbeats. The three host-down/backup watchdogs (Borg pre-hook,
baerchen nearline pull, monitoring watchdog #8) deliberately stay on
healthchecks.io cloud, since an on-host watcher cannot report a host outage.

- frontend_net + dedicated PostgreSQL 18 in healthchecks_internal
- native Healthchecks auth; ping/API exempt from Authelia (n8n/Komodo pattern)
- registered as middleware_exempt in ops/policy-checks/exceptions.json
- docs: DECISIONS, ARCHITECTURE (3.1/4.2/7.6/10), SERVICE_CATALOG,
  SECRETS_MAP, MASTER_TODO, README index

docker compose config validated (exit 0). Not yet deployed: host secret file,
appdata dir, Komodo stack + ENV and Gitea webhook remain operator steps.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

ops/policy-checks/exceptions.json

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
   "middleware_exempt_identities": [
     "authelia",
     "gitea",
+    "healthchecks",
     "immich-server",
     "immich_server",
     "komodo-core",